THE REFERENCE

Satellite-Based Surveillance 101

A plain-English guide to satellite orbits, sensors, access and coverage.

The reference collection is being prepared. Available below: AKSAM planning-model concepts. Broader orbit, sensor and coverage explanations are not yet published.

These are plain-language explanations intended to help you understand satellite concepts. They are not formal technical definitions.

AKSAM model concepts

These names describe AKSAM's planning results. They are not claims of actual collection.

Potential pass

A visible pass where the AKSAM generic imaging model applies.

Understand Potential pass

A Potential pass is the visible parent pass, whether or not the modeled pointing requirement qualifies for imaging. It can contain Qualified image opportunities.

GEO-like visibility is treated separately because the generic imaging model is not applied to those trajectories. Potential geometry does not establish actual collection.

Qualified image opportunity

A modeled interval satisfying the generic footprint-centre pointing rule.

Understand Qualified image opportunity

Within a model-applicable visible pass, the required pointing to the assumed footprint centre must be ≤30°. The generic footprint is a 40 × 40 km ground-track-aligned square.

This is a planning assumption, not a verified payload capability. A modeled opportunity does not confirm operator tasking, payload operation or actual collection.

Qualified image point

The modeled best-geometry point within a Qualified image opportunity.

Understand Qualified image point

This point is shown as the purple dot in AKSAM results. It is not Peak elevation time, an image-quality score or confirmed collection.

The point belongs to its modeled opportunity. Viewing it does not task a satellite or establish that an image was taken.

Nadir image opportunity

An interval when the visible target lies inside the assumed footprint directly below the satellite.

Understand Nadir image opportunity

The assumed footprint is a 40 × 40 km ground-track-aligned square centred at the satellite subpoint. The visible target must lie inside that square.

Nadir image opportunity is a separate footprint condition, not another name for the Qualified image point. It does not establish real-world payload operation or collection.

AKSAM Trust — assumptions, limits and provenance